Overview
EN 27023:1992, titled "Packaging - Sacks - Method of sampling empty sacks for testing", is a European standard adopted from ISO 7023:1983. Developed by CEN (European Committee for Standardization), this standard defines a systematic method to select random samples of empty sacks for quality testing. It ensures representative sampling of sacks from a consignment or lot to assess average quality, regardless of sack type. The method employs a two-stage random sampling procedure involving units and potentially subdivided elements to achieve reliable, unbiased test samples.
Key Topics
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Scope and Purpose
EN 27023 applies to all types of empty sacks and is primarily used to evaluate the average quality of sack consignments, not for direct production control.
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Sampling Procedure
- Two-Stage Sampling:
- Selection of a prescribed number of units (e.g., bundles, bales, pallet loads) from the total lot.
- Selection of sacks either directly from units or from elements within units, depending on the unit’s subdivision.
- Random Selection: Every sack or subunit has an equal chance of selection to ensure representativeness.
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Tables for Guidance
EN 27023 provides tables to determine how many units and sacks should be sampled based on lot size, aligning with ISO 3951 sampling principles.
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Definitions
Clarifies terms such as ‘lot,’ ‘unit,’ ‘element,’ and ‘sample’ to standardize understanding and application.
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Precautions and Marking
Emphasizes careful handling of sacks during sampling to prevent changes in properties. Requires proper marking and documentation of selected sacks for traceability.
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Re-sampling Rules
Specifies procedures to follow if re-sampling is necessary due to accidents or other reasons, maintaining consistency with the initial sampling method.
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Test Reporting
Mandates detailed reports including sampling references, parties involved, sampling conditions, lot characteristics, and any deviations from the standard.
Applications
EN 27023 is vital for organizations looking to:
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Quality Assurance in Packaging
Utilize a standardized method to objectively evaluate the quality of empty sacks delivered or manufactured, helping to maintain packaging integrity.
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Supplier and Vendor Compliance
Perform random sampling on consignments to verify adherence to agreed specifications.
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Inspection and Testing Labs
Apply consistent sampling techniques to generate valid and reproducible test results that reflect lot quality.
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Logistics and Warehousing
Control and sample incoming sacks inventory before use in packaging operations, reducing risk of product damage.
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Regulatory and Trade
Facilitate fair trade and contractual compliance by using internationally recognized sampling protocols.
Related Standards
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ISO 7023:1983
The original international equivalent standard that EN 27023 is based on, outlining the fundamental sampling method for empty sacks.
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ISO 3951
Provides detailed sampling procedures and charts used to determine the number of sacks to sample for inspection by variables and percent defective rates.
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ISO 106
Describes paper and board sampling methods, complementing sack sampling in packaging quality control environments.
By adhering to EN 27023, stakeholders involved in the packaging supply chain can ensure rigorous control over sack quality through standardized, reproducible sampling practices. This supports overall packaging performance, reduces defects, and ensures customer satisfaction.
