Overview
EN ISO 17405:2022 - Non‑destructive testing (NDT) - Ultrasonic testing - Technique of testing claddings produced by welding, rolling and explosion - specifies manual ultrasonic techniques for inspecting steel claddings applied by welding, rolling or explosive bonding. The standard defines the ultrasonic pulse‑echo approach, the probe types and basic instrument and test‑setup requirements to detect two‑ and three‑dimensional discontinuities in the cladding and at the cladding/steel interface. It does not provide acceptance criteria or mandate the extent of testing.
Key topics and technical requirements
- Test method: Pulse‑echo ultrasonic testing using manual scanning.
- Probe types:
- Single‑transducer straight‑beam probes for longitudinal waves (used for planar and volumetric defects).
- Dual‑transducer straight‑beam probes for longitudinal waves.
- Dual‑transducer angle‑beam probes for longitudinal waves - beam angle in the cladding should be 65°–80° for non‑parallel discontinuities.
- Frequency guidance: Nominal frequencies 2 MHz to 6 MHz are recommended depending on materials and detection needs.
- Focal/depth zones: Optimum sensitivity (focal zone) is defined by transducer size and roof angle; select probe and focal zone according to expected defect depth (see Annex A).
- Probe adaptation for curved surfaces: Maximum gap g between probe and surface ≤ 0.5 mm; for cylindrical surfaces use g = a^2 / (4D) (a = probe dimension, D = object diameter). Adapt probes when g > 0.5 mm and adjust sensitivity/range accordingly.
- Equipment and verification: Instruments and probes shall conform to ISO 22232‑1/2/3 requirements; the test system must be periodically checked per those standards.
- Personnel: Operators must be qualified in accordance with ISO 9712 or equivalent.
- Settings & procedure elements: Range and sensitivity setting, probe movement, and recording levels are specified to ensure reliable detection and traceable test records.
Practical applications and users
EN ISO 17405:2022 is intended for organizations and professionals involved in cladding inspection and fabrication quality control:
- NDT technicians and ultrasonic inspectors
- Welding inspectors and QA/QC engineers in oil & gas, chemical, power generation, pressure vessels and marine industries
- Fabricators and heat‑exchanger/cladded plate manufacturers
- Engineering firms specifying inspection techniques for cladded components
Use this standard to define ultrasonic test technique, select probes and settings, ensure personnel qualifications, and produce consistent inspection records where claddings require reliable detection of defects at or near the interface.
Related standards
- ISO 5577 - NDT ultrasonic vocabulary
- ISO 9712 - Qualification and certification of NDT personnel
- ISO 22232‑1 / ‑2 / ‑3 - Characterization and verification of ultrasonic test equipment (instruments, probes, combined equipment)
Keywords: EN ISO 17405:2022, ultrasonic testing, NDT, cladding inspection, single‑transducer, dual‑transducer, pulse‑echo, probe adaptation, ISO 9712, ISO 22232.
