Overview
EN ISO 17636-1:2022 - "Non-destructive testing of welds - Radiographic testing - Part 1: X- and gamma-ray techniques with film" - defines standardized radiographic film techniques for inspecting fusion-welded joints in metallic plates and cylindrical bodies (pipes, tubes, penstocks, boiler drums, pressure vessels). The document describes generally recognized practice and fundamental theory to enable repeatable, satisfactory radiographs. It does not set acceptance levels for indications (see ISO 10675 series for weld acceptance criteria).
Key topics and technical requirements
- Scope and applicability: Radiographic film techniques for plates and curved/cylindrical objects; covers single-wall and double-wall methods.
- Safety: Protection against ionizing radiation and related procedural requirements.
- Technique classifications: Single-wall penetration, panoramic exposure, off‑centre source placements, double-wall double-image (DWDI), double-wall single-image (DWSI), elliptic and perpendicular techniques for pipes.
- Image quality control:
- Use and placement of Image Quality Indicators (IQIs) (including permitted use of ASTM wires by agreement).
- Evaluation of image quality and minimum image quality values (normative Annex B).
- Measurement of optical density (including weld root density clarification).
- Exposure and geometry:
- Alignment of beam, source-to-object distance, maximum area per exposure, and recommended test arrangements (figures and examples provided).
- Guidance on tube voltages (X‑ray devices up to 1 000 kV) and other radiation sources.
- Metal screens, filters, collimation, and measures to reduce scattered/backscattered radiation.
- Film processing and viewing: Processing parameters, optical density ranges, and film viewing conditions.
- Personnel and reporting: Personnel qualification requirements and minimum content for test reports.
- Annexes:
- Annex A: Number of exposures for circumferential butt welds.
- Annex B: Minimum image quality values.
- Annex C: Calculation aids for X‑ray tube voltages.
Practical applications and users
Who benefits from EN ISO 17636-1:2022:
- NDT technicians and radiographers performing film radiography of welds
- Weld inspectors, welding engineers, QA/QC managers in fabrication and construction
- Inspection bodies, owner/operators of pressure equipment, pipelines, boilers
- Manufacturers of tubes, penstocks and pressure vessels requiring standardized radiographic procedures
Typical uses:
- Producing repeatable radiographs for weld defect detection and documentation
- Establishing radiographic procedures and training for personnel
- Complementing acceptance criteria standards (e.g., ISO 10675) when specifying inspection levels
Related standards
- ISO 10675 series - guidance on acceptance levels for weld evaluation
- EN ISO 17636 (other parts) - covers alternative radiographic techniques and related methods
Keywords: EN ISO 17636-1:2022, radiographic testing, NDT of welds, X-ray film radiography, gamma-ray film radiography, IQI, DWDI, weld inspection, ISO 17636.
