ISO 12777-2:2000 PDF

Methods of test for pallet joints — Part 2: Determination of withdrawal and head pull-through resistance of pallet nails and staples

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Title (English):

ISO 12777-2:2000

Methods of test for pallet joints — Part 2: Determination of withdrawal and head pull-through resistance of pallet nails and staples

Document status:: Active
Format:: Electronic (PDF)
Number of pages:: 10
Publication date:: April 13, 2000
Edition:: ISO IS 12777 edition 1 version 1
ICS:: 55.180.20

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Description (English):

La présente partie de l'ISO 12777 spécifie des méthodes permettant de déterminer la résistance des clous et des clous cavaliers des palettes à une charge axiale et prescrit les méthodes d'essai pour définir: a) les caractéristiques et la charge maximum pour les assemblages (bois sur bois) réalisés avec des clous ou des clous cavaliers soumis à une charge axiale; b) les caractéristiques et la charge maximum pour les assemblages (bois sur matériaux à base de bois et bois sur matériaux autres que le bois, tels que les plastiques) réalisés avec des clous ou des clous cavaliers soumis à une charge axiale. Ces méthodes d'essai s'appliquent aux assemblages réalisés avec tous les types de clous d'un diamètre allant jusqu'à 7 mm (comprenant les clous ronds lisses, carrés, nervurés, torsadés, hélicoïdaux et filetés annelés) et peuvent également convenir pour d'autres éléments de fixation, tels que clous cavaliers pour le bois.

Technical details

Technical committee: ISO/TC 51 - Pallets for unit load method of materials handling
SKU: ISO 12777-2:2000

Abstract

Overview

ISO 12777-2:2000 defines laboratory test methods for measuring the axial resistance of pallet nails and staples - specifically the withdrawal resistance (nail/staple pulled out of the material) and head pull-through resistance (nail head pulling through a sheet or component). It covers tests for wood-to-wood joints and for joints with wood-based and non-wood-based materials, and applies to nails up to 7 mm diameter and to common staple types.

Key topics and technical requirements

Test scope: Withdrawal and head pull‑through resistance for nails (plain, threaded, fluted, helical, etc.) and staples; applicable to wood, wood-based panels and some plastics.
Specimen preparation:
- Minimum sample size guidance (16 per variable suggested for statistical treatment).
- Timber selection and conditioning per ISO 8970; record moisture content and density (ISO 3130, ISO 3131).
- Assembly delays: do not test wood specimens for at least 16 hours after nailing; delayed testing can significantly change strength.
- Environmental controls: specimens should not be in uncontrolled conditions >2 h before test (up to 24 h if wrapped).
Geometry and penetration:
- Nail penetration typically specified as multiples of shank diameter d (e.g., 8d–10d perpendicular to grain; 8d–16d parallel to grain).
- Minimum specimen dimensions defined (e.g., length at least penetration + 5d).
- Pull‑through specimen thickness: ≥5d and not less than 12 mm (sheet materials: production thickness).
Test procedure and instrumentation:
- Load application rate: nominally 25 mm/min ± 5 mm/min for withdrawal and pull‑through tests.
- Record load–displacement (or load–time) curves and exact extraction/pull rates.
- For pull‑through, record head geometry (diameter, countersink angle) and the minimum embedment (≥5 mm).
Reporting: Detailed reporting requirements including fastener bending strength (per ISO 12777‑1), exact shank/profile, penetration depth, material properties (MoR, MFR, MVR for plastics), moisture content, elapsed time since assembly, and test accuracy.

Practical applications and users

ISO 12777-2 is used by:

Pallet manufacturers evaluating fastener performance in pallet joints.
Fastener (nail/staple) manufacturers for product characterization and development.
Independent test laboratories and QA teams performing comparative or investigative testing of nail withdrawal and head pull‑through.
Engineers and specifiers selecting fasteners for specific materials (wood, plywood, particleboard, plastics).

The standard informs design choices, quality control, failure analysis and material compatibility assessments for unit load handling.

Related standards

ISO 12777-1 (bending resistance of pallet nails and staples)
ISO 12777-3 (pallet joint strength)
ISO 6891, ISO 8970 (timber joint testing principles)
ISO 3130, ISO 3131 (wood moisture & density)
ISO 1133, ISO 1183 (plastics properties)
ISO 445 (pallet terminology)

Keywords: ISO 12777-2, pallet nails, withdrawal resistance, head pull-through resistance, pallet staples, nail withdrawal test, pallet joint testing, wood fasteners, test methods.

Related standards

Standards mentioned in the description

Abstract

Overview

Key topics and technical requirements

Test scope: Withdrawal and head pull‑through resistance for nails (plain, threaded, fluted, helical, etc.) and staples; applicable to wood, wood-based panels and some plastics.
Specimen preparation:
- Minimum sample size guidance (16 per variable suggested for statistical treatment).
- Timber selection and conditioning per ISO 8970; record moisture content and density (ISO 3130, ISO 3131).
- Assembly delays: do not test wood specimens for at least 16 hours after nailing; delayed testing can significantly change strength.
- Environmental controls: specimens should not be in uncontrolled conditions >2 h before test (up to 24 h if wrapped).
Geometry and penetration:
- Nail penetration typically specified as multiples of shank diameter d (e.g., 8d–10d perpendicular to grain; 8d–16d parallel to grain).
- Minimum specimen dimensions defined (e.g., length at least penetration + 5d).
- Pull‑through specimen thickness: ≥5d and not less than 12 mm (sheet materials: production thickness).
Test procedure and instrumentation:
- Load application rate: nominally 25 mm/min ± 5 mm/min for withdrawal and pull‑through tests.
- Record load–displacement (or load–time) curves and exact extraction/pull rates.
- For pull‑through, record head geometry (diameter, countersink angle) and the minimum embedment (≥5 mm).
Reporting: Detailed reporting requirements including fastener bending strength (per ISO 12777‑1), exact shank/profile, penetration depth, material properties (MoR, MFR, MVR for plastics), moisture content, elapsed time since assembly, and test accuracy.

Practical applications and users

ISO 12777-2 is used by:

Pallet manufacturers evaluating fastener performance in pallet joints.
Fastener (nail/staple) manufacturers for product characterization and development.
Independent test laboratories and QA teams performing comparative or investigative testing of nail withdrawal and head pull‑through.
Engineers and specifiers selecting fasteners for specific materials (wood, plywood, particleboard, plastics).

The standard informs design choices, quality control, failure analysis and material compatibility assessments for unit load handling.

Related standards

ISO 12777-1 (bending resistance of pallet nails and staples)
ISO 12777-3 (pallet joint strength)
ISO 6891, ISO 8970 (timber joint testing principles)
ISO 3130, ISO 3131 (wood moisture & density)
ISO 1133, ISO 1183 (plastics properties)
ISO 445 (pallet terminology)

Keywords: ISO 12777-2, pallet nails, withdrawal resistance, head pull-through resistance, pallet staples, nail withdrawal test, pallet joint testing, wood fasteners, test methods.

ISO 12777-2:2000 PDF

Technical details

Abstract

Overview

Key topics and technical requirements

Practical applications and users

Related standards

Related standards

Abstract

Overview

Key topics and technical requirements

Practical applications and users

Related standards

Related standards

Timber structures - Testing of joints made with mechanical fasteners - Requirements for timber density (ISO 8…

Wood — Determination of moisture content for physical and mechanical tests

Quantities and units of mechanics

Methods of test for pallet joints - Part 1: Determination of bending resistance of pallet nails, other dowel-…

Methods of test for pallet joints - Part 2: Determination of withdrawal and head pull-through resistance of p…

Methods of test for pallet joints - Part 3: Determination of strength of pallet joints (ISO 12777-3:2002)

Timber structures - Joints made with mechanical fasteners - General principles for the determination of stren…