Overview - ISO 12912:2014 (Circular knitting machines - Vocabulary)
ISO 12912:2014 defines a standardized vocabulary and classification system for circular knitting machines used in the textile industry to produce weft-knitted fabrics. The standard provides clear terms, definitions and illustrative figures for machine types (e.g., small- and large-diameter machines), construction features (RL, RR, LL, interlock), and functional assemblies such as needle carriers, cam boxes and yarn-feed units. It is intended to harmonize communication across suppliers, manufacturers, designers and users of circular knitting equipment.
Key topics and technical terms covered
ISO 12912:2014 focuses on practical terminology and dimensional concepts vital to machine specification, operation and documentation:
- Machine types and classification: small-diameter vs large-diameter; RL (single-face), RR (double-face), interlock, LL (purl) constructions.
- Dimensions and sizing: nominal diameter, pitch, gauge, number of needles, machine depth/width/height.
- Stitch-forming elements: needle cylinder, needle disc (dial), sinker ring, needle types and holders.
- Cam system and needle control: cylinder/disc/sinker cam boxes, knitting/tuck/clearance cams, transfer systems, cam segments and single-part cams.
- Yarn feed and monitoring: bobbin holders, yarn guides, feeders, yarn detectors, knot catchers and yarn brakes.
- Fabric take-down & collection: tensioning and fabric withdrawal units.
- Rotation terminology: relative rotation S/Z and direction of rotation of cylinder or cam casing.
- Machine frame, drive, lubrication and safety: fundamental structural and control assemblies.
The standard includes cross-references to related ISO documents used as sources for specific definitions.
Practical applications - who uses ISO 12912:2014
ISO 12912:2014 is useful for:
- Machine manufacturers creating technical specifications, manuals and spare-part lists.
- Textile engineers and designers specifying machine types for fabric production.
- Procurement and quality teams ensuring consistent terminology in contracts and inspections.
- Maintenance and training staff for clear identification of parts, cams and feed systems.
- Standards writers and researchers aligning terminology across international documents.
Using standardized terms reduces miscommunication in manufacturing, procurement, maintenance and regulatory compliance.
Related standards and reference
ISO 12912:2014 references other ISO standards for specific definitions and measures (e.g., ISO 7839, ISO 8188, ISO 11675, ISO 13990‑1). For full text and figures consult the ISO Online Browsing Platform (OBP) or your national ISO member body.
