ISO 12925-1:2024 PDF

Lubricants, industrial oils and related products (class L) — Family C (gears) — Part 1: Specifications for lubricants for enclosed gear systems

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Title (English):

ISO 12925-1:2024

Lubricants, industrial oils and related products (class L) — Family C (gears) — Part 1: Specifications for lubricants for enclosed gear systems

Document status:: Active
Format:: Electronic (PDF)
Number of pages:: 37
Publication date:: May 8, 2024
Edition:: ISO IS 12925 edition 3 version 1
ICS:: 75.100

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Description (English):

This document establishes the specifications relative to family C (gears) for lubricants, industrial oils and related products of class L (see ISO 6743-6). This document deals only with lubricants for enclosed gear systems. Lubricants for open gears and greases for gears (enclosed or open) are covered by the other parts of the ISO 12925 series (i.e. ISO 12925-2 and ISO 12925-3). This document is intended to be read in conjunction with ISO 6743-6. The following categories specified in ISO 6743-6 are covered by this document: CKB, CKC, CKD, CKE, CKSMP, CKTG, CKES, CKPG, CKPR, CSPG, CSPR, CTPG and CTPR. Detailed information about the different types of gear, and lubricants, and their selection for gearbox design and service conditions can be found in ISO/TR 18792.

Technical details

Technical committee: ISO/TC 28/SC 4 - Classifications and specifications
SKU: ISO 12925-1:2024

Abstract

Overview

ISO 12925-1:2024 specifies requirements for lubricants, industrial oils and related products (Class L), Family C (gears) specifically intended for enclosed gear systems. This third edition updates performance and environmental criteria for gear oils used across industries - from machine tools to heavy mining and cement plant gearboxes. It applies only to enclosed gears; open-gear lubricants and greases are covered in other parts of the ISO 12925 series.

Key technical topics and requirements

Scope and categories: Covers the Family C categories defined in ISO 6743-6 including CKB, CKC, CKD, CKE, CKSMP, CKTG, CKES, CKPG, CKPR, CSPG, CSPR, CTPG and CTPR.
Environmental requirements: For categories CKTG, CKES, CKPG and CKPR the standard defines minimum base-fluid composition (category‑defining base fluid ≥ 50% and total base fluid mass fraction ≥ 70% per Table 1) and environmental performance criteria. Biodegradability (min. 60% mineralization in 28 days) and aquatic toxicity limits are specified (see Table 2).
Performance characteristics: Specifies tests and limits for ageing (TOST), scuffing and scuff-resistance (FZG), micro-pitting resistance (added protection level for CKSMP), foaming, air release and water separability. Precision and sampling rules reference ISO 3170 and other normative methods.
Test methods referenced: Includes widely used standards such as ISO 14635-1 (FZG), ISO 4263-4 (TOST for gear oils), ISO 6247 (foaming), ISO 12152 (spur gear foam/air-release test), ISO 14593 / ISO 9439 (biodegradability) and toxicity standards for daphnia, copepods and fish.
Limitations: Not intended for extreme or exceptional gear designs and service conditions; manufacturers and users may agree on additional tests where needed.

Practical applications

Specifying and procuring gear oils for enclosed gearboxes in industries such as steel mills, cement plants, mining, and machine tools.
Guiding product development for lubricant manufacturers to meet performance and environmental targets (micro-pitting control, foam/air-release, ageing resistance).
Setting acceptance criteria for condition monitoring, lubricant replacement and OEM gearbox specifications.
Assisting compliance teams in selecting environmentally acceptable gear oils (vegetable triglycerides, esters, polyglycols, PAOs) that meet biodegradability and toxicity baselines.

Who should use ISO 12925-1:2024

Lubricant and additive manufacturers
Gearbox/OEM designers and maintenance engineers
Procurement and specification writers
Testing laboratories and certification bodies
Environmental compliance officers evaluating bio-based gear oils

Related standards (read in conjunction)

ISO 6743-6 (family classification)
ISO/TR 18792 (gear and lubricant selection guidance)
ISO 14635-1, ISO 4263-4, ISO 12152, ISO 6247, ISO 14593 / ISO 9439 (test methods)
EN 16807 (bio-lubricant criteria)

Keywords: ISO 12925-1:2024, gear oils, lubricants for enclosed gear systems, industrial oils, environmental requirements, biodegradability, ISO 6743-6.

Related standards

Standards mentioned in the description

Abstract

Overview

Key technical topics and requirements

Scope and categories: Covers the Family C categories defined in ISO 6743-6 including CKB, CKC, CKD, CKE, CKSMP, CKTG, CKES, CKPG, CKPR, CSPG, CSPR, CTPG and CTPR.
Environmental requirements: For categories CKTG, CKES, CKPG and CKPR the standard defines minimum base-fluid composition (category‑defining base fluid ≥ 50% and total base fluid mass fraction ≥ 70% per Table 1) and environmental performance criteria. Biodegradability (min. 60% mineralization in 28 days) and aquatic toxicity limits are specified (see Table 2).
Performance characteristics: Specifies tests and limits for ageing (TOST), scuffing and scuff-resistance (FZG), micro-pitting resistance (added protection level for CKSMP), foaming, air release and water separability. Precision and sampling rules reference ISO 3170 and other normative methods.
Test methods referenced: Includes widely used standards such as ISO 14635-1 (FZG), ISO 4263-4 (TOST for gear oils), ISO 6247 (foaming), ISO 12152 (spur gear foam/air-release test), ISO 14593 / ISO 9439 (biodegradability) and toxicity standards for daphnia, copepods and fish.
Limitations: Not intended for extreme or exceptional gear designs and service conditions; manufacturers and users may agree on additional tests where needed.

Practical applications

Specifying and procuring gear oils for enclosed gearboxes in industries such as steel mills, cement plants, mining, and machine tools.
Guiding product development for lubricant manufacturers to meet performance and environmental targets (micro-pitting control, foam/air-release, ageing resistance).
Setting acceptance criteria for condition monitoring, lubricant replacement and OEM gearbox specifications.
Assisting compliance teams in selecting environmentally acceptable gear oils (vegetable triglycerides, esters, polyglycols, PAOs) that meet biodegradability and toxicity baselines.

Who should use ISO 12925-1:2024

Lubricant and additive manufacturers
Gearbox/OEM designers and maintenance engineers
Procurement and specification writers
Testing laboratories and certification bodies
Environmental compliance officers evaluating bio-based gear oils

Related standards (read in conjunction)

ISO 6743-6 (family classification)
ISO/TR 18792 (gear and lubricant selection guidance)
ISO 14635-1, ISO 4263-4, ISO 12152, ISO 6247, ISO 14593 / ISO 9439 (test methods)
EN 16807 (bio-lubricant criteria)

Keywords: ISO 12925-1:2024, gear oils, lubricants for enclosed gear systems, industrial oils, environmental requirements, biodegradability, ISO 6743-6.

ISO 12925-1:2024 PDF

Technical details

Abstract

Overview

Key technical topics and requirements

Practical applications

Who should use ISO 12925-1:2024

Related standards (read in conjunction)

Related standards

Abstract

Overview

Key technical topics and requirements

Practical applications

Who should use ISO 12925-1:2024

Related standards (read in conjunction)

Related standards

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