Overview
ISO 20565-1:2008 specifies laboratory methods for the chemical analysis of chrome-bearing refractory products and chrome-bearing raw materials as an alternative to X‑ray fluorescence (XRF). The standard covers required apparatus, reagents, sample dissolution procedures and the determination of gravimetric silica (SiO2). It supports traditional “wet” chemical methods and instrumental techniques (ICP‑AES and FAAS) for composition verification and quality control.
Key compositional determination ranges (mass % after LOI correction) include:
- SiO2: 0.5 to 10
- Al2O3: 2 to 30
- Fe2O3: 0.5 to 25
- Cr2O3: 2 to 60
- MgO: 15 to 85
- plus trace oxide ranges for TiO2, MnO, CaO, Na2O, K2O, ZrO2, P2O5 and LOI.
Key Topics and Requirements
- Apparatus: Normal laboratory glassware plus specified items (example: PTFE/polyethylene tetrafluoride beaker, calibrated plastic volumetric flasks - calibration procedure described).
- Reagents: Lists of analytical‑grade acids, fusion mixes, standard solutions and indicators with preparation instructions and storage notes (e.g., hydrofluoric, nitric, sulfuric acids; ammonium molybdate; cupferron; standard Fe(II) solution).
- Sample preparation: Procedures for drying, loss on ignition (LOI) determination and representative sampling.
- Dissolution techniques: Decomposition by fusion (carbonate fluxes) and hydrofluoric acid attack, with guidance on preparing solutions for subsequent analysis.
- Separation and cleanup: Ion‑exchange separation methods and organic/solvent treatments where applicable.
- Analytical methods: Gravimetric determination of silica plus workflows compatible with wet chemistry, FAAS, and ICP‑AES instrumental analysis.
- Calculation & reporting: Procedures for expressing results, calculation conventions and test report content.
Applications and Users
ISO 20565-1:2008 is intended for:
- Refractory manufacturers and raw‑material suppliers performing incoming inspection and product quality control.
- Analytical and industrial laboratories conducting composition verification, acceptance testing and R&D on chrome‑bearing refractories.
- Metallurgists, materials scientists and process engineers who need accurate oxide analyses (including gravimetric SiO2) as an XRF alternative for validation, regulatory compliance or failure analysis.
Practical uses include raw material qualification, batch certification, process control and comparative testing when XRF is impractical or to corroborate XRF results.
Related Standards
- ISO 20565 (Parts 2 & 3) - complementary methods (wet chemical analysis; FAAS & ICP‑AES).
- ISO 12677 - XRF method for refractories (alternative referenced).
- ISO 26845 - general requirements for wet, AAS and ICP‑AES analysis.
- ISO 6353 series - reagent specifications and test methods.
Keywords: ISO 20565-1:2008, chrome-bearing refractory, chemical analysis, gravimetric silica, ICP-AES, FAAS, wet chemical methods, sample dissolution, XRF alternative.
Open preview (PDF)Chemical analysis of chrome-bearing refractory products and chrome-bearing raw materials (alternative to the X-ray fluorescence method) — Part 1: Apparatus, reagents, dissolution and determination of gravimetric silica