Overview
ISO 22962:2008 specifies an analytical method for the determination of the mass fraction of iron in titanium and titanium alloys using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP‑AES / ICP‑OES). The procedure is applicable to materials with iron content from 0.01 % to 3.0 % (mass fraction) and covers sample preparation, calibration, measurement and result expression.
Key topics and technical requirements
- Principle: Dissolve a 0.50 g test portion of titanium or titanium alloy and determine iron by ICP‑AES using an internal standard.
- Sample preparation: Decomposition routes specified:
- Nitric acid + hydrofluoric acid
- Sulfuric acid + hydrofluoric acid
- Sulfuric acid (with titanium as internal standard; for commercially pure titanium)
- Reagents and standards: Analytical‑grade acids (HNO3, HF, HCl, H2SO4), water per ISO 3696, prepared internal standard solutions (cobalt, yttrium, lanthanum or titanium) and an iron standard solution (0.500 mg Fe/ml).
- Apparatus: Class A volumetric glassware, PTFE/PE containers, analytical balance (0.1 mg sensitivity) and an ICP‑AES instrument capable of measuring Fe emission lines (238.20 nm or 259.94 nm) and the internal standard lines. A hydrofluoric‑acid‑resistant nebulizer is recommended for HF methods.
- Calibration and measurement:
- Prepare calibration (spiked titanium matrix) and working curves using intensity ratios (Fe / internal standard).
- Working curve linearity must achieve a correlation better than 0.999.
- Carry out determinations at least in duplicate and run a reagent blank in parallel.
- Quality control: Use of internal standards (Co, Y, La, or Ti) to correct matrix and acidity effects; follow instrument manufacturer procedures for drift correction and standardization.
- Scope limits: Applicable iron range 0.01 % to 3.0 % by mass. Sampling procedure to be agreed until a specific sampling standard is published.
Applications and users
ISO 22962:2008 is used where reliable quantification of iron in titanium materials is required:
- Metallurgical and materials testing laboratories
- Titanium producers and alloy manufacturers for product certification and quality control
- Aerospace, biomedical and chemical industries verifying alloy composition against specifications
- Inspection bodies and regulatory labs performing conformity testing
- Research and development groups analyzing alloying and impurity levels
This standard supports accurate iron determination for material specification, process control, failure analysis and supplier qualification.
Related standards
- ISO 3696 - Water for analytical laboratory use
- ISO 384 / 648 / 1042 / 4787 - Laboratory volumetric glassware and use
- ISO 22960 - (referenced for determining iron in titanium if titanium material purity needs assessment)
Keywords: ISO 22962:2008, titanium alloys iron determination, ICP‑AES, inductively coupled plasma, iron in titanium, metal analysis standard, sample preparation, hydrofluoric acid, internal standard, calibration curve.
