Overview - ISO 24199:2022 (Nicotine determination by GC)
ISO 24199:2022 specifies an analytical method for the determination of nicotine in vapour product emissions using capillary gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC‑FID). The standard covers aerosol generation on a routine analytical vaping machine, collection of emissions on glass fibre filter pads, extraction with isopropanol containing an internal standard, chromatographic measurement and calculation of nicotine expressed per puff, per aerosol collected mass (ACM), or per puff block.
Key topics and technical requirements
- Principle: Collect aerosol according to ISO 20768, gravimetrically determine ACM, extract collected matter in isopropanol with an internal standard, quantify nicotine by GC‑FID using internal standard calibration.
- Reagents and standards:
- Extraction solvent: isopropanol (≥99%).
- Internal standards: quinaldine or n‑heptadecane (≥99%); alternatives allowed if non‑co‑eluting.
- Reference nicotine (≥98%) or certified nicotine solutions. Purity may be verified per ISO 13276.
- Calibration: At least five calibration solutions across expected concentration range (suggested 0.05–2.0 mg/mL).
- Apparatus:
- Gas chromatograph with FID and data handling system.
- Capillary columns such as DB‑ALC1 (30 m × 0.32 mm × 1.8 µm) - alternatives (WAX, DB‑624) permitted after validation.
- Routine analytical vaping machine per ISO 20768.
- Chromatographic conditions (recommended example):
- Injection: 1 µL, split 25:1, injection temp 250 °C; detector 275 °C.
- Oven program: start 90 °C (1 min), ramp 15 °C/min to 120 °C, then 40 °C/min to 280 °C (2 min hold).
- Carrier gas: helium, ca. 3 mL/min.
- Sample handling: Condition and handle glass fibre filter pads to avoid contamination and water uptake; extract 20 mL (44 mm pad) or 50 mL (92 mm pad) unless adjusted for concentration.
- Quality: Method includes expression of results, repeatability/reproducibility data and was developed from interlaboratory studies (CORESTA CRM 84 basis).
Applications and users
ISO 24199:2022 is applicable for:
- Regulatory reporting of nicotine in electronic nicotine delivery product emissions.
- Routine testing and quality control in analytical laboratories.
- Product development and comparative research by manufacturers and independent labs.
- Public health and toxicology research requiring standardized, comparable nicotine emission data.
Primary users: testing laboratories, manufacturers of vapour products, conformity assessment bodies, regulators, and research organizations.
Related standards
- ISO 20768 - Routine analytical vaping machine (definitions and standard conditions).
- ISO 24197 - Determination of e‑liquid vaporised mass and aerosol collected mass (related method).
- CORESTA CRM 84 - Basis for method development and interlaboratory validation.
- ISO 13276 - Methods for purity verification of reference substances.
Keywords: ISO 24199:2022, vapour products, nicotine determination, gas chromatography, GC‑FID, aerosol collected mass, vaping machine, analytical method, calibration, internal standard.
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