Overview
ISO 5956:1984 specifies a precise analytical method for determining the antimony content in copper and copper alloys using the Rhodamine B spectrometric technique. This standardized approach is applicable for measuring antimony concentrations from 0.001% to 0.1% by mass in various copper-based materials referenced in international standards. The method ensures reliable, accurate chemical analysis essential for quality control and material certification in metallurgical and industrial applications.
Key aspects covered by ISO 5956 include the principle, necessary reagents and apparatus, detailed procedure, calculation of results, and reporting guidelines. The procedure can be adapted to measure lower or higher concentrations via modifications in sample mass, extraction volume, or spectrometric cell path length.
Key Topics
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Scope and Application
The method targets antimony content in copper and copper alloys with concentrations between 0.001% and 0.1%. It is suitable for all copper types listed in international standards, making it a versatile tool for metallurgists and quality laboratories.
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Analytical Principle
The procedure involves extracting pentavalent antimony into isopropyl ether and forming a colored complex with Rhodamine B dye. Spectrometric measurement of this complex at approximately 550 nm wavelength allows quantification of antimony concentration in the sample.
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Reagents and Equipment
Critical reagents include isopropyl ether, hydrochloric acid, hydrogen peroxide, cerium(IV) sulfate, hydroxylammonium chloride, and Rhodamine B solution. Equipment requirements include a spectrometer operating at visible wavelengths and standard laboratory glassware.
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Step-by-Step Procedure
- Sample dissolution and oxidation using hydrogen peroxide and hydrochloric acid.
- Extraction of antimony into isopropyl ether.
- Formation of the Rhodamine B complex after adding cerium(IV) sulfate and hydroxylammonium chloride.
- Spectrometric measurement of absorbance to determine antimony content.
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Calculation and Reporting
The antimony concentration is calculated as a percentage by mass using absorbance values, sample mass, and calibration standards. The test report must include sample identification, method reference, results, and any deviations or observations affecting accuracy.
Applications
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Quality Control in Copper Alloy Production
Ensuring compliance with material specifications by accurately determining trace antimony levels that can affect alloy properties.
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Metallurgical Laboratories
Routine chemical analysis of copper-based samples to monitor and control impurity levels during refining or fabrication.
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Material Certification and Compliance
Providing standardized test results to meet international trade and manufacturing standards for copper and copper alloys.
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Research and Development
Precise quantification of antimony to study its effects on copper alloy characteristics and optimize metallurgical processes.
Related Standards
- ISO 15519 - Copper and copper alloys - Chemical analysis
- ISO 3613 - Copper and copper alloys - Micrographic determination and chemical analysis
- ISO 2208 - Copper and copper alloys - Wire for electrical purposes
- ASTM E787 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Antimony Content in Copper Alloys
- EN 12167 - Copper and copper alloys - Chemical analysis by spectrometry
By adhering to ISO 5956:1984, laboratories ensure consistent and reproducible determination of antimony in copper alloys, supporting high-quality control standards in metallurgy and manufacturing industries worldwide. This method’s precision and adaptability make it a trusted choice for professionals involved in chemical analysis of copper materials.
Open preview (PDF)Copper and copper alloys — Determination of antimony content — Rhodamine B spectrometric method
