ISO 7148-1:2012 PDF

Plain bearings — Testing of the tribological behaviour of bearing materials — Part 1: Testing of bearing metals

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Title (English):

ISO 7148-1:2012

Plain bearings — Testing of the tribological behaviour of bearing materials — Part 1: Testing of bearing metals

Document status:: Withdrawn
Format:: Electronic (PDF)
Number of pages:: 15
Publication date:: October 1, 2012
Edition:: ISO IS 7148 edition 3 version 1
ICS:: 21.100.10

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Description (English):

1 Scope This part of ISO 7148 specifies tribological tests of metallic bearing materials for plain bearings under conditions of boundary lubrication. The test procedures described in this part of ISO 7148 enable the friction and wear behaviour of bearing material/mating/lubricant combinations to be compared with that of other combinations, thus facilitating the selection of a bearing material for running repeatedly or for long periods under conditions of boundary lubrication, low speed and continuous sliding. Owing to differences in test conditions, measured friction and wear values can be expected to vary from one test facility to another. The test results give useful information for practical application only if all parameters of influence are identical. The more the test conditions deviate from the actual application, the greater the uncertainty of the applicability of the results.

Technical details

Technical committee: ISO/TC 123/SC 2 - Materials and lubricants, their properties, characteristics, test methods and testing conditions
SKU: ISO 7148-1:2012

Abstract

Overview

ISO 7148-1:2012 - Plain bearings - Testing of the tribological behaviour of bearing materials - Part 1: Testing of bearing metals - specifies standardized tribological tests for metallic plain-bearing materials under boundary lubrication. The standard defines repeatable test procedures to compare friction and wear behaviour of bearing material / mating material / lubricant combinations, enabling informed material selection for low-speed, continuous sliding or repeated operation where hydrodynamic lubrication cannot be guaranteed.

Key topics and requirements

Scope and limitations
- Tests are for metallic bearing materials under boundary lubrication and low sliding speed; results are comparable only when all influencing parameters are identical. Variability between test facilities is explicitly noted.
Test methods
- Method A - Pin-on-disc
- Method B - Block-on-ring
- Method C - Rotation under thrust load (sleeve-to-sleeve, sleeve-to-plate)
- Tests require equipment for continuous measurement of friction and wear.
Test specimens and preferred dimensions
- Disc: diameter 40–110 mm, width 8–12 mm.
- Ring: outside diameter 40–80 mm.
- Pin: diameter 3–10 mm.
- Block: cross-section 5–10 mm (height and width).
- Sleeve and plate dimensions given (machined specimens).
Specimen preparation
- Machining to application-representative surface finish, cleaning steps (example: alcohol ultrasonic bath, hot-air drying, hexane rinse, drying at 110 °C).
Test conditions and variables to control
- Initial surface roughness (Ra), normal force (Fn), lubricant temperature (TL), sliding distance, sliding velocity (U), and overlap ratio (K).
- Specific-load guidance: up to about one third of the material’s proof stress or compression limit (as per ISO 4385) for heavily loaded comparisons.
Lubrication
- Oil or grease as appropriate; full contact lubrication filling recommended (immersion preferred for oil). Oil temperature must be controlled; lubricant choice strongly affects outcomes.
Designation
- Example: “Test ISO 7148-1 -A” for pin-on-disc testing.

Applications and users

Practical use:
- Selecting metallic bearing materials for plain bearings operating under boundary lubrication, low speed, or frequent starts/stops.
- Comparative lab evaluation of material/mating/lubricant combinations and wear-rate prediction under controlled conditions.
Typical users:
- Tribologists, bearing designers, materials engineers, OEMs, test laboratories, and quality/receiving inspection teams involved in bearing selection, development and certification.

Related standards

ISO 7148-2 (Part 2: polymer-based bearing materials) - companion document for non-metallic bearings.
ISO 4385 - referenced for compression testing and material limits used in load selection.

Notes: ISO 7148-1:2012 provides test method selection, specimen specs and strict control of variables to produce comparable friction and wear data. When applying results to real-world designs, ensure test parameters closely match the intended service conditions to reduce uncertainty.

Related standards

Standards mentioned in the description

Abstract

Overview

Key topics and requirements

Scope and limitations
- Tests are for metallic bearing materials under boundary lubrication and low sliding speed; results are comparable only when all influencing parameters are identical. Variability between test facilities is explicitly noted.
Test methods
- Method A - Pin-on-disc
- Method B - Block-on-ring
- Method C - Rotation under thrust load (sleeve-to-sleeve, sleeve-to-plate)
- Tests require equipment for continuous measurement of friction and wear.
Test specimens and preferred dimensions
- Disc: diameter 40–110 mm, width 8–12 mm.
- Ring: outside diameter 40–80 mm.
- Pin: diameter 3–10 mm.
- Block: cross-section 5–10 mm (height and width).
- Sleeve and plate dimensions given (machined specimens).
Specimen preparation
- Machining to application-representative surface finish, cleaning steps (example: alcohol ultrasonic bath, hot-air drying, hexane rinse, drying at 110 °C).
Test conditions and variables to control
- Initial surface roughness (Ra), normal force (Fn), lubricant temperature (TL), sliding distance, sliding velocity (U), and overlap ratio (K).
- Specific-load guidance: up to about one third of the material’s proof stress or compression limit (as per ISO 4385) for heavily loaded comparisons.
Lubrication
- Oil or grease as appropriate; full contact lubrication filling recommended (immersion preferred for oil). Oil temperature must be controlled; lubricant choice strongly affects outcomes.
Designation
- Example: “Test ISO 7148-1 -A” for pin-on-disc testing.

Applications and users

Practical use:
- Selecting metallic bearing materials for plain bearings operating under boundary lubrication, low speed, or frequent starts/stops.
- Comparative lab evaluation of material/mating/lubricant combinations and wear-rate prediction under controlled conditions.
Typical users:
- Tribologists, bearing designers, materials engineers, OEMs, test laboratories, and quality/receiving inspection teams involved in bearing selection, development and certification.

Related standards

ISO 7148-2 (Part 2: polymer-based bearing materials) - companion document for non-metallic bearings.
ISO 4385 - referenced for compression testing and material limits used in load selection.

ISO 7148-1:2012 PDF

Technical details

Abstract

Overview

Key topics and requirements

Applications and users

Related standards

Related standards

Abstract

Overview

Key topics and requirements

Applications and users

Related standards

Related standards

Plain bearings -- Compression testing of metallic bearing materials

Plain bearings - Testing of the tribological behaviour of bearing materials - Part 1: Testing of bearing meta…

Plain bearings - Testing of the tribological behaviour of bearing materials - Part 2: Testing of polymer-base…