ISO 8178-3:2019 PDF

Reciprocating internal combustion engines — Exhaust emission measurement — Part 3: Test procedures for measurement of exhaust gas smoke emissions from compression ignition engines using a filter type smoke meter

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Title (English):

ISO 8178-3:2019

Document status:: Active
Format:: Electronic (PDF)
Number of pages:: 11
Publication date:: January 30, 2019
Edition:: ISO IS 8178 edition 2 version 1
ICS:: 13.040.50

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Description (English):

This document specifies a method for the measurement of smoke from exhaust gas of reciprocating internal combustion (RIC) engines at a steady state condition. The method evaluates the soot content by measurement of the blackening of a filter and derivation of black carbon mass concentration (mg/m3) from FSN. Where necessary, individual requirements may be specified for particular engine applications. This document is applicable to RIC engines for mobile, transportable and stationary use, excluding engines for on-road transport of passengers and goods. It can be applied to engines for non-road use, e.g. for earth-moving machines, generating sets and for other applications. For engines used in machinery covered by additional requirements (e.g. occupational health and safety regulations, regulations for power plants) additional test conditions and special evaluation methods can apply.

Technical details

Technical committee: ISO/TC 70/SC 8 - Exhaust gas emission measurement
SKU: ISO 8178-3:2019

Abstract

Overview

ISO 8178-3:2019 defines the standardized method for measuring exhaust gas smoke from compression-ignition reciprocating internal combustion engines (RIC) using a filter-type smoke meter (FSN). The standard applies to steady‑state engine operation and evaluates soot content by measuring the blackening of a filter (Filter Smoke Number, FSN) and converting FSN to black carbon mass concentration (mg/m3) where required. ISO 8178-3:2019 is intended for mobile, transportable and stationary non‑road engines (e.g., earth‑moving machines, generator sets) and excludes on‑road passenger and goods transport engines.

Key topics and technical requirements

Measurement principle: a defined volume of exhaust is drawn through a clean filter; the degree of blackening (optical reflectance) is used to calculate FSN.
FSN to mass conversion: correlation formulae in Annex C convert FSN to black carbon (BC) mass concentration; Annex D compares results from different instruments.
Reference conditions: results are referenced to 25 °C (298 K) and 100 kPa; FSN is reported corresponding to an effective suction length (standardized to 405 mm where applicable).
Apparatus and installation: measuring equipment must comply with ISO 10054; probe placement must ensure representative sampling and be upstream of any injected after‑treatment reagent or water.
Sampling conditions: exhaust sample temperature must be above dew point; effective filtered column length and homogeneous flow through the filter are required.
Operational constraints: testing requires steady‑state engine conditions (stable load, speed, exhaust temperature); fuel type can affect sensitivity and must be noted.
Reporting: Annex A provides a standardized emission test report template for FSN test data.

Practical applications and users

ISO 8178-3:2019 is used by:

Engine manufacturers and OEMs for design verification and emission characterization of non‑road compression‑ignition engines.
Test laboratories conducting steady‑state smoke tests with filter‑type smoke meters.
Regulators and certification bodies for emission monitoring and compliance assessments where FSN‑based methods are specified.
Environmental and maintenance engineers assessing soot/black carbon emissions from stationary and mobile non‑road machinery.

Benefits include reproducible smoke measurements, standardized reporting, and conversion of visual smoke metrics (FSN) into mass‑based BC concentrations for comparison and regulatory use.

Related standards

ISO 10054 - specifies characteristics of filter‑type smoke meters (instrument requirements).
ISO 8178‑1 / ISO 8178 series - broader framework for exhaust emission measurement and particulate methods.
ISO 8178‑9 - covers opacimeter/opacity methods (opacimeter removed from this part).
ISO 9096 - related particulate measurement methods (see annexes for cross‑references).

Keywords: ISO 8178-3:2019, filter-type smoke meter, FSN, black carbon, soot measurement, reciprocating internal combustion engines, exhaust emission measurement, compression ignition, non‑road engines.

Related standards

Standards mentioned in the description

Abstract

Overview

Key topics and technical requirements

Measurement principle: a defined volume of exhaust is drawn through a clean filter; the degree of blackening (optical reflectance) is used to calculate FSN.
FSN to mass conversion: correlation formulae in Annex C convert FSN to black carbon (BC) mass concentration; Annex D compares results from different instruments.
Reference conditions: results are referenced to 25 °C (298 K) and 100 kPa; FSN is reported corresponding to an effective suction length (standardized to 405 mm where applicable).
Apparatus and installation: measuring equipment must comply with ISO 10054; probe placement must ensure representative sampling and be upstream of any injected after‑treatment reagent or water.
Sampling conditions: exhaust sample temperature must be above dew point; effective filtered column length and homogeneous flow through the filter are required.
Operational constraints: testing requires steady‑state engine conditions (stable load, speed, exhaust temperature); fuel type can affect sensitivity and must be noted.
Reporting: Annex A provides a standardized emission test report template for FSN test data.

Practical applications and users

ISO 8178-3:2019 is used by:

Engine manufacturers and OEMs for design verification and emission characterization of non‑road compression‑ignition engines.
Test laboratories conducting steady‑state smoke tests with filter‑type smoke meters.
Regulators and certification bodies for emission monitoring and compliance assessments where FSN‑based methods are specified.
Environmental and maintenance engineers assessing soot/black carbon emissions from stationary and mobile non‑road machinery.

Benefits include reproducible smoke measurements, standardized reporting, and conversion of visual smoke metrics (FSN) into mass‑based BC concentrations for comparison and regulatory use.

Related standards

ISO 10054 - specifies characteristics of filter‑type smoke meters (instrument requirements).
ISO 8178‑1 / ISO 8178 series - broader framework for exhaust emission measurement and particulate methods.
ISO 8178‑9 - covers opacimeter/opacity methods (opacimeter removed from this part).
ISO 9096 - related particulate measurement methods (see annexes for cross‑references).

ISO 8178-3:2019 PDF

Technical details

Abstract

Overview

Key topics and technical requirements

Practical applications and users

Related standards

Related standards

Abstract

Overview

Key topics and technical requirements

Practical applications and users

Related standards

Related standards

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