Overview
ISO/TR 24464:2025 - "Visualization elements of digital twin - Visualization fidelity" is an ISO Technical Report that clarifies how visualization fits into an industrial digital twin (iDTw) system. The report proposes a three‑elements architecture focused on the twinning interface between the physical twin (PTw) and the iDTw, and it analyses the visualization elements and their visualization fidelity (how well the digital representation reproduces or conveys the physical state). This second edition updates the original 2020 report and emphasizes fidelity among visualization elements.
Key technical topics and requirements
- Three‑elements architecture: conceptual breakdown of an iDTw system highlighting the role of the twinning interface that mediates mutual augmentation between PTw and iDTw.
- Twinning interface: the mediator responsible for state synchronization and exchange between atom world (physical) and bit world (digital).
- Visualization elements: components that render shape, condition, and behavior of assets; the report analyses their characteristics without prescribing implementation.
- Visualization fidelity: definitions and analytic approaches for fidelity - including Level of Detail (LoD) for plant and equipment models and fidelity measures.
- Fidelity measures: spatial and temporal considerations such as spatial resolution (space measure) and time measure (latency and sampling rate) to assess how closely a visualization represents the PTw.
- iDTw system characteristics: life‑cycle considerations (separation of artificial model vs digital replica), mutual augmentation via twinning cycles, and inclusion relationships between iDTw and PTw.
- Differentiation: comparison and clarification of how iDTw differs from cyber‑physical systems (CPS) and augmented reality (AR).
- Scope limits: the report analyses architecture and fidelity but excludes application use cases and implementation details.
Practical applications and who would use this standard
ISO/TR 24464:2025 is useful for:
- System architects and solution designers creating industrial digital twin specifications or tender documents.
- Software and visualization vendors defining LoD, latency, and synchronization requirements.
- Asset owners and operators (manufacturing, energy, maritime, infrastructure) evaluating iDTw fidelity needs for monitoring, maintenance planning, or digital assurance.
- Researchers, standards developers, and integrators working at the intersection of IoT, digital twin, CPS, and XR environments who need clear terminology and fidelity metrics.
Practical uses include scoping visualization fidelity requirements, specifying twinning interface behavior, selecting appropriate LoD strategies, and benchmarking spatial/temporal resolution for digital twin visual systems.
Related standards
Relevant references and complementary standards cited or aligned with the report include:
- ISO 16781 (fidelity definitions)
- IEC 63278‑1 (asset administration shell)
- ISO/IEC TS 5147 (visualization terminology)
- ISO/IEC 18023‑1 (level of detail)
These help integrate ISO/TR 24464:2025 into broader digital twin, PLM and industrial data ecosystems.
Keywords: ISO/TR 24464:2025, digital twin, industrial digital twin, iDTw, visualization fidelity, twinning interface, Level of Detail, spatial resolution, latency, CPS, augmented reality.
