Overview
EN ISO 2247:2002 (identical to ISO 2247:2000) defines standardized vibration tests at fixed low frequency for complete, filled transport packages and unit loads. The document describes how to use sinusoidal excitation on a vibration table to assess package strength and protective performance under low-frequency vibration or repetitive shocks. Tests can be applied alone to study low-frequency effects or as part of a test sequence representing a distribution system.
Key topics and technical requirements
- Test principle: place the complete, filled transport package (test specimen) on a vibration table and apply approximately sinusoidal excitation at a fixed low frequency.
- Two methods
- Method A: operate to produce a continuous acceleration between 0.5 g and 1.0 g without the specimen separating from the table. Peak-to-peak displacement is selected from Figure A.1 (normative annex).
- Method B: increase vibration (start at 2 Hz) until the specimen separates from the table and experiences repetitive shocks; separation can be detected using a 1.5–3.0 mm spacer.
- Apparatus requirements
- Vibration table capable of required displacement and frequency; lowest resonant frequency must be higher than the highest test frequency. Table must be horizontal within 0.3°.
- Instrumentation (accelerometers, conditioners, data acquisition) with acceleration response accurate to ±5% over the test frequency range.
- Optional fixtures: low/high fences, means to apply superimposed load or simulate transit restraint.
- Specimen preparation & conditioning
- Fill with intended or closely-simulated contents; close as for distribution.
- Condition in accordance with ISO 2233.
- Reporting
- Detailed test report requirements include test method, attitudes (ISO 2206 identification), acceleration/displacement/frequency, conditioning and test atmospherics, superimposed load data, restraint method, deviations and observations.
Applications and users
- Practical uses:
- Validate packaging design against low-frequency vibration hazards in road, rail or sea transport.
- Compare cushioning/structural arrangements and stacking effects when combined with other tests.
- Provide objective data for packaging selection, transit simulation and claims investigation.
- Typical users:
- Packaging engineers, design and R&D teams
- Third‑party test laboratories and quality assurance groups
- Manufacturers, shippers, freight forwarders and logistics specialists
- Standards committees and compliance officers
Related standards
- ISO 2206 - identification of parts when testing
- ISO 2233 - conditioning for testing
- ISO 2234 - stacking tests using static load
Keywords: EN ISO 2247, ISO 2247, packaging standard, vibration tests, low frequency vibration, transport packages, unit loads, sinusoidal excitation, packaging testing.
