Overview
ISO 10447:2022 - "Resistance welding - Testing of welds - Peel and chisel testing of resistance spot and projection welds" defines procedures and recommended tooling for peel and chisel testing of resistance spot and embossed projection welds. It applies to welds in two or more sheets with thicknesses from 0.5 mm to 3.0 mm. The standard’s primary objectives are to determine weld size and failure mode by destructive testing and to provide guidance for non‑destructive chisel verification.
Key topics and requirements
- Scope and applicability: Resistance spot and embossed projection welds in multi‑sheet assemblies (0.5–3.0 mm).
- Chisel testing:
- Two main types: destructive (produces weld plug or interfacial fracture for measurement) and non‑destructive (verifies presence/soundness without fracturing the weld).
- Chisel geometry and selection depend on weld diameter, plate thickness, distance between welds, and whether the test is destructive or nondestructive.
- Results are influenced by chisel shape, hammer/blow type, specimen geometry, chisel position and insertion depth.
- Non‑destructive chisel methods must be validated against destructive tests before production use, especially for high‑strength steels.
- Peel testing:
- Destructive test to separate sheets and reveal weld size and fracture mode.
- Manual peel options include vice + roller (roller Ø recommended 30 mm for ≤1 mm sheet) or vice + pliers; mechanized peel testing is covered by ISO 14270.
- Measurement and reporting:
- Weld diameter and plug dimensions are measured and recorded per ISO 17677‑1 (diameters rounded down to nearest 0.1 mm).
- Test reports must include sample details, test type, materials, welding parameters and equipment, weld size (d or dp), failure mode, date and other specified data.
Applications and users
ISO 10447:2022 is intended for:
- Welding engineers and quality assurance teams performing destructive and non‑destructive testing of resistance spot and projection welds.
- Inspection and testing laboratories validating production weld quality.
- Automotive, appliance, electronics and general sheet‑metal manufacturers that use resistance welding in production.
- R&D and process‑setting activities where weld parameter optimization and verification of joint integrity are required.
Practical benefits include standardized tooling recommendations, consistent measurement of weld size and failure modes, and guidance to validate nondestructive checks for in‑line quality control.
Related standards
- ISO 14270 - mechanized peel testing of resistance spot, seam and embossed projection welds.
- ISO 17677‑1 - vocabulary and measurement definitions for spot, projection and seam welding (used for weld size and failure‑mode classification).
Keywords: ISO 10447:2022, resistance welding, peel testing, chisel testing, resistance spot welds, projection welds, weld size, failure mode, non‑destructive testing, ISO 14270, ISO 17677-1.
Open preview (PDF)Resistance welding — Testing of welds — Peel and chisel testing of resistance spot and projection welds
