ISO 16840-1:2006 PDF

Wheelchair seating — Part 1: Vocabulary, reference axis convention and measures for body segments, posture and postural support surfaces

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Title (English):

ISO 16840-1:2006

Wheelchair seating — Part 1: Vocabulary, reference axis convention and measures for body segments, posture and postural support surfaces

Document status:: Active
Format:: Electronic (PDF)
Number of pages:: 77
Publication date:: March 30, 2006
Edition:: ISO IS 16840 edition 1 version 1
ICS:: 01.040.11

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Description (English):

ISO 16840-1:2006 applies to seating intended to provide postural support within a wheelchair. It specifies: a global coordinate system that permits the determination and recording of a person's posture while seated in a wheelchair; the standard terms and definitions for use in describing both the posture and the anthropometrics of a person seated in a wheelchair; the terms and definitions for describing the dimensions, location and orientation of seating support surfaces, which together comprise the body support system. ISO 16840-1:2006 does not specify any methods for use in measuring a person's seated posture, nor does it define terms for dynamic physiological movements (such as flexion or extension). ISO 16840-1:2006 might be applicable to seating other than that intended to be used within a wheelchair.

Technical details

Technical committee: ISO/TC 173/SC 1 - Wheelchairs
SKU: ISO 16840-1:2006

Abstract

Overview

ISO 16840-1:2006 - Wheelchair seating, Part 1 defines the vocabulary, geometric conventions and coordinate systems used to describe seated posture, body segment measures and seating support surfaces for wheelchair seating. It establishes a consistent global coordinate system and standardized terms so clinicians, manufacturers and researchers can record and communicate a person’s seated posture and the dimensions, location and orientation of seating support surfaces. Note: this part does not prescribe measurement methods or terms for dynamic physiological movements.

Key topics and technical requirements

Global coordinate system: a three‑dimensional reference framework that integrates measurements for the wheelchair, support surfaces and seated person.
Axis systems defined:
- WAS - Wheelchair Axis System (global reference tied to the wheelchair base)
- SSAS - Support Surface Axis System (orientation/location of cushions and supports)
- SAAS - Seated Anatomical Axis System (orientation of body segments)
Standardized vocabulary for posture and anthropometrics (e.g., body segment line, body centreline, absolute and relative angles).
Support surface definitions: support surface geometric centre (SSGC), support surface reference plane/position (SSRP), and linear dimensions (width, depth, length, thickness).
Plane‑based measures: definitions and reference positions for sagittal, frontal and transverse planes to describe locations, linear measures and angles.
Normative/informative annexes: e.g., definitions of reference lines for common seating surfaces and calculations for joint centres (useful for consistent reporting).

Practical applications

Standardizing clinical documentation of seated posture and support‑surface geometry for assessment and prescription.
Enabling consistent product specifications and technical communication between manufacturers, clinicians and researchers.
Supporting research studies that require reproducible postural descriptions or cross‑study comparisons.
Assisting procurement, regulatory submissions and interoperability where clear, standardized seating specifications reduce ambiguity.

Who should use this standard

Rehabilitation clinicians, seating specialists and occupational therapists
Wheelchair and seating product designers and manufacturers
Biomedical researchers and ergonomists studying seated posture
Procurement officers, regulators and accessibility consultants

Related standards

ISO 16840 series: Part 2 (seat cushion physical/mechanical characteristics) and Part 3 (static, impact and repetitive load strengths for postural support devices). Parts 4 and 5 were noted as under preparation in the original series.

Keywords: ISO 16840-1:2006, wheelchair seating, seated posture, postural support, support surfaces, global coordinate system, anthropometrics, wheelchair axis system, seated anatomical axis system.

Related standards

Mentioned in the description and other ISO standards

Abstract

Overview

Key topics and technical requirements

Global coordinate system: a three‑dimensional reference framework that integrates measurements for the wheelchair, support surfaces and seated person.
Axis systems defined:
- WAS - Wheelchair Axis System (global reference tied to the wheelchair base)
- SSAS - Support Surface Axis System (orientation/location of cushions and supports)
- SAAS - Seated Anatomical Axis System (orientation of body segments)
Standardized vocabulary for posture and anthropometrics (e.g., body segment line, body centreline, absolute and relative angles).
Support surface definitions: support surface geometric centre (SSGC), support surface reference plane/position (SSRP), and linear dimensions (width, depth, length, thickness).
Plane‑based measures: definitions and reference positions for sagittal, frontal and transverse planes to describe locations, linear measures and angles.
Normative/informative annexes: e.g., definitions of reference lines for common seating surfaces and calculations for joint centres (useful for consistent reporting).

Practical applications

Standardizing clinical documentation of seated posture and support‑surface geometry for assessment and prescription.
Enabling consistent product specifications and technical communication between manufacturers, clinicians and researchers.
Supporting research studies that require reproducible postural descriptions or cross‑study comparisons.
Assisting procurement, regulatory submissions and interoperability where clear, standardized seating specifications reduce ambiguity.

Who should use this standard

Rehabilitation clinicians, seating specialists and occupational therapists
Wheelchair and seating product designers and manufacturers
Biomedical researchers and ergonomists studying seated posture
Procurement officers, regulators and accessibility consultants

Related standards

ISO 16840 series: Part 2 (seat cushion physical/mechanical characteristics) and Part 3 (static, impact and repetitive load strengths for postural support devices). Parts 4 and 5 were noted as under preparation in the original series.

Keywords: ISO 16840-1:2006, wheelchair seating, seated posture, postural support, support surfaces, global coordinate system, anthropometrics, wheelchair axis system, seated anatomical axis system.

ISO 16840-1:2006 PDF

Technical details

Abstract

Overview

Key topics and technical requirements

Practical applications

Who should use this standard

Related standards

Related standards

Abstract

Overview

Key topics and technical requirements

Practical applications

Who should use this standard

Related standards

Related standards

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