ISO 18314-3:2022 PDF

Analytical colorimetry — Part 3: Special indices

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Title (English):

ISO 18314-3:2022

Analytical colorimetry — Part 3: Special indices

Document status:: Active
Format:: Electronic (PDF)
Number of pages:: 6
Publication date:: November 21, 2022
Edition:: ISO IS 18314 edition 2 version 1
ICS:: 87.060.10

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Description (English):

This document specifies different methods of calculating special indices, which are generally used to describe lightness respectively jetness of samples including chroma or hue within one colour-coordinate. This document is applicable to tristimulus values and chromaticity coordinates calculated using colour-matching functions of the standard colorimetric system of the CIE 1931 (2°) or CIE 1964 (10°). It is used for the specification of colour stimuli perceived as belonging to a reflecting or transmitting object where a one-dimensional value is required.

Technical details

Technical committee: ISO/TC 256 - Pigments, dyestuffs and extenders
SKU: ISO 18314-3:2022

Abstract

Overview

ISO 18314-3:2022 - Analytical colorimetry - Part 3: Special indices defines standardized methods to calculate one‑dimensional colour indices used to describe lightness/jetness and chromatic shifts (chroma/hue) within a single colour coordinate. It applies to tristimulus values and chromaticity coordinates derived from the standard CIE colorimetric systems (CIE 1931 2° and CIE 1964 10° observers) and is intended for specifying reflecting or transmitting colour stimuli where a single index is required.

Key topics and technical requirements

Scope and input data
- Indices are calculated from tristimulus values X, Y, Z or chromaticity x, y using CIE 1931 (2°) or CIE 1964 (10°) colour‑matching functions.
- Standard illuminant D65 is used for parameters in several indices.
Defined special indices
- CIE whiteness index (W): formula uses chromaticity offsets with parameters x and y given for D65 (values provided for 2° and 10° observers).
- Yellowness index (YI): linear combination of X and Z relative to Y with parameters a and b specified for 2° and 10° observers (follows ASTM E313 practice).
- Blackness values (M, M_C): hue‑independent and hue‑dependent blackness expressed as logarithmic functions of Y or combinations of X, Z, Y (DIN 55979 references). Absolute hue contribution dM quantifies blue vs. brown bias.
- Greyness values (G, G_C): analogous hue‑independent and hue‑dependent measures for grey admixture; absolute contribution dG describes hue bias.
- Flop‑index (FI): characterizes angular variation of lightness for near‑neutral metallic shades using specified CIELAB L*(ε) at aspecular angles (ε = 15°, 45°, 110°).
Measurement and metrology guidance
- Recommendation for spectral photometer with 45°:0° (or 0°:45°) geometry; standard D65‑like artificial illumination for visual assessments.
- Repeatability requirement example: variance of standard Y shall be

Related standards

Other ISO standards

Overview

Key topics and technical requirements

Scope and input data
- Indices are calculated from tristimulus values X, Y, Z or chromaticity x, y using CIE 1931 (2°) or CIE 1964 (10°) colour‑matching functions.
- Standard illuminant D65 is used for parameters in several indices.
Defined special indices
- CIE whiteness index (W): formula uses chromaticity offsets with parameters x and y given for D65 (values provided for 2° and 10° observers).
- Yellowness index (YI): linear combination of X and Z relative to Y with parameters a and b specified for 2° and 10° observers (follows ASTM E313 practice).
- Blackness values (M, M_C): hue‑independent and hue‑dependent blackness expressed as logarithmic functions of Y or combinations of X, Z, Y (DIN 55979 references). Absolute hue contribution dM quantifies blue vs. brown bias.
- Greyness values (G, G_C): analogous hue‑independent and hue‑dependent measures for grey admixture; absolute contribution dG describes hue bias.
- Flop‑index (FI): characterizes angular variation of lightness for near‑neutral metallic shades using specified CIELAB L*(ε) at aspecular angles (ε = 15°, 45°, 110°).
Measurement and metrology guidance
- Recommendation for spectral photometer with 45°:0° (or 0°:45°) geometry; standard D65‑like artificial illumination for visual assessments.
- Repeatability requirement example: variance of standard Y shall be

ISO 18314-3:2022 PDF

Technical details

Abstract

Overview

Key topics and technical requirements

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Abstract

Overview

Key topics and technical requirements

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