ISO 18363-3:2024 PDF

Animal and vegetable fats and oils — Determination of fatty-acid-bound chloropropanediols (MCPDs) and glycidol by GC/MS — Part 3: Method using acid transesterification and measurement for 2-MCPD, 3-MCPD and glycidol

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Title (English):

ISO 18363-3:2024

Document status:: Active
Format:: Electronic (PDF)
Number of pages:: 17
Publication date:: July 1, 2024
Edition:: ISO IS 18363 edition 2 version 1
ICS:: 67.200.10

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Description (English):

This document specifies a procedure for the simultaneous determination of 2-MCPD esters (bound 2-MCPD), 3‐MCPD esters (bound 3‐MCPD) and glycidyl esters (bound glycidol) in a single assay, based on acid catalysed ester cleavage and derivatization of cleaved (free) analytes with phenylboronic acid (PBA) prior to GC/MS analysis. This document is applicable to solid and liquid fats and oils. For all three analytes the limit of quantification (LOQ) is 0,1 mg/kg and the limit of detection (LOD) is 0,03 mg/kg.

Technical details

Technical committee: ISO/TC 34/SC 11 - Animal and vegetable fats and oils
SKU: ISO 18363-3:2024

Abstract

Overview

ISO 18363-3:2024 specifies a robust analytical method for the simultaneous determination of ester-bound 2‑MCPD, 3‑MCPD and glycidol in animal and vegetable fats and oils. The procedure uses acid-catalysed transesterification to cleave fatty‑acid-bound analytes, conversion of glycidyl esters to measurable derivatives, and derivatization with phenylboronic acid (PBA) prior to analysis by GC/MS. The method is applicable to both solid and liquid fats and oils with a reported limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.1 mg/kg and limit of detection (LOD) of 0.03 mg/kg.

Key technical topics and requirements

Single-assay simultaneous measurement: Enables quantification of bound 2‑MCPD, 3‑MCPD and glycidol in one workflow.
Acid transesterification: Slow, acid‑catalysed ester cleavage releases the analytes from triglycerides and other esters.
Conversion of glycidyl esters: Glycidyl esters are converted into stable measurable derivatives (3‑MBPD monoesters in the standard procedure) to allow accurate glycidol quantification.
Derivatization with phenylboronic acid (PBA): Prior to GC/MS, freed analytes are derivatized to improve chromatographic behaviour and mass-spectrometric detection.
GC/MS detection: Gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry is specified for analyte separation and identification.
Performance limits: LOD = 0.03 mg/kg, LOQ = 0.1 mg/kg for all three analytes.
Scope and validation: Applicable to refined and unrefined vegetable oils and fats; use with animal fats and used frying oils requires matrix-specific validation.

Practical applications

Food safety testing laboratories performing routine monitoring of edible oils and fats for process‑related contaminants.
Quality control in edible‑oil refining, frying oil producers, and food manufacturers seeking compliance with regulatory limits for MCPDs and glycidol.
Regulatory agencies and accreditation bodies that require standardized, traceable methods for enforcement and surveillance programs.
Research and development groups studying formation pathways, mitigation strategies, and process optimization to reduce MCPD/glycidol formation.

Who should use this standard

Analytical chemists and laboratory managers in food and feed testing labs.
QC/QA teams in oil refining and food processing industries.
Regulatory laboratories and public health organizations.
Method validation specialists implementing or comparing MCPD/glycidol assays.

Related standards

ISO 18363 series (other parts cover alternative alkaline or rapid methods and differential approaches).
AOCS Official Methods referenced in the ISO series for MCPD/glycidol analysis.

Keywords: ISO 18363-3:2024, MCPD, 2-MCPD, 3-MCPD, glycidol, glycidyl esters, acid transesterification, phenylboronic acid, PBA, GC/MS, fats and oils, LOQ, LOD.

Related standards

Mentioned in the description and other ISO standards

Abstract

Overview

Key technical topics and requirements

Single-assay simultaneous measurement: Enables quantification of bound 2‑MCPD, 3‑MCPD and glycidol in one workflow.
Acid transesterification: Slow, acid‑catalysed ester cleavage releases the analytes from triglycerides and other esters.
Conversion of glycidyl esters: Glycidyl esters are converted into stable measurable derivatives (3‑MBPD monoesters in the standard procedure) to allow accurate glycidol quantification.
Derivatization with phenylboronic acid (PBA): Prior to GC/MS, freed analytes are derivatized to improve chromatographic behaviour and mass-spectrometric detection.
GC/MS detection: Gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry is specified for analyte separation and identification.
Performance limits: LOD = 0.03 mg/kg, LOQ = 0.1 mg/kg for all three analytes.
Scope and validation: Applicable to refined and unrefined vegetable oils and fats; use with animal fats and used frying oils requires matrix-specific validation.

Practical applications

Food safety testing laboratories performing routine monitoring of edible oils and fats for process‑related contaminants.
Quality control in edible‑oil refining, frying oil producers, and food manufacturers seeking compliance with regulatory limits for MCPDs and glycidol.
Regulatory agencies and accreditation bodies that require standardized, traceable methods for enforcement and surveillance programs.
Research and development groups studying formation pathways, mitigation strategies, and process optimization to reduce MCPD/glycidol formation.

Who should use this standard

Analytical chemists and laboratory managers in food and feed testing labs.
QC/QA teams in oil refining and food processing industries.
Regulatory laboratories and public health organizations.
Method validation specialists implementing or comparing MCPD/glycidol assays.

Related standards

ISO 18363 series (other parts cover alternative alkaline or rapid methods and differential approaches).
AOCS Official Methods referenced in the ISO series for MCPD/glycidol analysis.

Keywords: ISO 18363-3:2024, MCPD, 2-MCPD, 3-MCPD, glycidol, glycidyl esters, acid transesterification, phenylboronic acid, PBA, GC/MS, fats and oils, LOQ, LOD.

ISO 18363-3:2024 PDF

Technical details

Abstract

Overview

Key technical topics and requirements

Practical applications

Who should use this standard

Related standards

Related standards

Abstract

Overview

Key technical topics and requirements

Practical applications

Who should use this standard

Related standards

Related standards

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