Overview
ISO 22653:2003 - Footwear - Test methods for lining and insocks - Static friction specifies two laboratory methods to assess the frictional properties of shoe linings and insocks, regardless of material. The standard defines apparatus, sampling and conditioning, test procedures and how to express results for both static and kinetic friction measurements used in footwear testing and quality control.
Key topics and requirements
- Two test methods
- Method A (Flat‑bed / sled method): Uses a sled (150 mm × 100 mm, ~700 g) carrying the lining/insock specimen running over a flat bed with a comparator material. Force to initiate motion and force to maintain constant velocity are recorded by a strain‑gauge/autographic recorder.
- Method B (Inclined‑plane method): Uses a melton cloth bed and a specimen carrier on an adjustable inclined platform to determine the static angle of surface drag (Ds) and kinetic angle (Dk). Modes cover both self‑starting sliding and impulse‑initiated sliding.
- Definitions: Coefficient of static friction (μs), coefficient of kinetic friction (μk), and angles of surface drag are defined and used for result interpretation.
- Apparatus and materials: Includes sled, flat bed, driving mechanism (800 mm/min ±10%), comparator specimens (lining or melton cloth), micromechanical switches, and a specimen carrier. Melton cloth (wool melton) is recommended as a comparator surface.
- Sampling and conditioning: Specific specimen sizes and numbers are required; conditioning must follow EN 12222 (standard atmospheres) for at least 24 hours prior to testing.
- Expression of results: μs = F/W (maximum initiation force divided by normal weight) and μk = S/W (mean steady sliding force divided by normal weight). Method B reports inclination angles Ds and Dk.
Applications
- Quality control for footwear manufacturers and component suppliers to ensure reliable in‑shoe grip and comfort.
- Material selection and R&D when evaluating lining and insole surface finishes, coatings or treatments.
- Independent test laboratories certifying compliance with customer or regulatory friction performance requirements.
- Comparative benchmarking of lining/insock materials and coatings.
Who uses this standard
- Footwear manufacturers and designers
- Raw material and lining/insock suppliers
- Accredited testing laboratories
- Product development and quality assurance teams
Related standards
- EN 12222 - Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing of footwear components (referenced in ISO 22653)
- EN 12826:2000 - European document from which ISO 22653 was prepared
Keywords: ISO 22653, static friction, footwear testing, lining, insock, coefficient of friction, sled test, inclined plane, melton cloth, Method A, Method B, EN 12222.
