ISO 2440:2019 PDF

Flexible and rigid cellular polymeric materials — Accelerated ageing tests

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Title (English):

ISO 2440:2019

Flexible and rigid cellular polymeric materials — Accelerated ageing tests

Document status:: Withdrawn
Format:: Electronic (PDF)
Number of pages:: 5
Publication date:: November 5, 2019
Edition:: ISO IS 2440 edition 4 version 1
ICS:: 83.100

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Description (English):

This document specifies, for flexible and rigid cellular polymeric materials, laboratory procedures which are intended to imitate the effects of naturally occurring reactions such as oxidation or hydrolysis by humidity. The physical properties of interest are measured before and after the application of the specified treatments. Test conditions are only given for open cellular latex, both open- and closed-cell polyurethane foams, and closed-cell polyolefin foams. Conditions for other materials will be added as required. The effect of the ageing procedures on any of the physical properties of the material can be examined, but those normally tested are either the elongation and tensile properties, or the compression or indentation hardness properties. These tests do not necessarily correlate either with service behaviour or with ageing by exposure to light. If desired, the ageing conditions contained in this document can be applied to composite structures containing any of the above types of cellular material. This can be helpful in the investigation of possible interactions between cellular materials and other substrates. Composite constructions can be in the form of complete finished products or representative small specimens cut there-from.

Technical details

Technical committee: ISO/TC 45/SC 4 - Products (other than hoses)
SKU: ISO 2440:2019

Abstract

Overview

ISO 2440:2019 specifies laboratory procedures for accelerated ageing tests of flexible and rigid cellular polymeric materials. The standard defines controlled dry-heat and humidity (steam) treatments that simulate chemical ageing mechanisms such as oxidation and hydrolysis, and it requires measurement of selected physical properties before and after exposure. Test conditions are provided for open-cell latex, open- and closed-cell polyurethane foams, and closed-cell polyolefin foams; additional materials are to be added as needed.

Key topics and technical requirements

Materials covered: open-cell latex, open- and closed-cell polyurethane foams, closed-cell polyolefin foams; composite constructions containing these materials also permitted.
Ageing modes:
- Dry heat (forced‑circulation oven, temperature control ±3 °C).
- Humidity/steam (100% RH or saturated steam using autoclave or sealed vessel; apparatus sizing to ensure specimens ≤10% of chamber free volume).
Typical test temperatures (selected):
- Polyolefin: 70 °C (dry heat)
- Latex: 70 °C or 100 °C (dry heat)
- Polyurethane (dry heat): 80 °C, 125 °C or 140 °C
- Polyurethane (humidity/steam): 85 °C for 20 h or 105 °C for 3 h; polyether polyurethane: 120 °C for 5 h
Duration options (dry heat): 16 h, 22 h, 72 h, 96 h, 168 h, 240 h, or multiples of 168 h (±5% tolerance, not exceeding ±4 h). Humidity durations have specified tolerances.
Specimen conditioning: minimum time after manufacture and pre-test conditioning per ISO 23529 (e.g., 23 °C ±2 °C, 50% ±5% RH or 27 °C ±2 °C, 65% ±5% RH).
Post-ageing reconditioning: specimens aged in humidity must be dried (70 °C ±3 °C for 3 h per 25 mm thickness, min 3 h) then reconditioned before measurement.
Measured properties: elongation/tensile or compression/indentation hardness are typical; any physical property may be examined. Results should report average values before/after and percentage change (presented with time, temperature, method).

Applications and typical users

Who uses it: materials laboratories, foam manufacturers, R&D teams, quality assurance, product designers, test houses assessing foam durability and hydrolytic or oxidative resistance.
Practical uses:
- Accelerated screening of foam formulations and stabilizers.
- Comparative performance testing across suppliers or batches.
- Investigating interactions in composite constructions (foam bonded to substrates).
- Quality control and specification verification where in-service ageing mechanisms are chemical (not light exposure).
Limitations: the standard notes that accelerated ageing under these conditions does not necessarily correlate with in‑service behaviour or ageing from light (UV).

Related standards

ISO 23529 - referenced for specimen preparation and conditioning procedures.

Keywords: ISO 2440:2019, accelerated ageing tests, cellular polymeric materials, polyurethane foam testing, polyolefin foam, latex foam, dry heat ageing, hydrolysis testing, foam durability.

Related standards

Mentioned in the description and other ISO standards

Abstract

Overview

Key topics and technical requirements

Materials covered: open-cell latex, open- and closed-cell polyurethane foams, closed-cell polyolefin foams; composite constructions containing these materials also permitted.
Ageing modes:
- Dry heat (forced‑circulation oven, temperature control ±3 °C).
- Humidity/steam (100% RH or saturated steam using autoclave or sealed vessel; apparatus sizing to ensure specimens ≤10% of chamber free volume).
Typical test temperatures (selected):
- Polyolefin: 70 °C (dry heat)
- Latex: 70 °C or 100 °C (dry heat)
- Polyurethane (dry heat): 80 °C, 125 °C or 140 °C
- Polyurethane (humidity/steam): 85 °C for 20 h or 105 °C for 3 h; polyether polyurethane: 120 °C for 5 h
Duration options (dry heat): 16 h, 22 h, 72 h, 96 h, 168 h, 240 h, or multiples of 168 h (±5% tolerance, not exceeding ±4 h). Humidity durations have specified tolerances.
Specimen conditioning: minimum time after manufacture and pre-test conditioning per ISO 23529 (e.g., 23 °C ±2 °C, 50% ±5% RH or 27 °C ±2 °C, 65% ±5% RH).
Post-ageing reconditioning: specimens aged in humidity must be dried (70 °C ±3 °C for 3 h per 25 mm thickness, min 3 h) then reconditioned before measurement.
Measured properties: elongation/tensile or compression/indentation hardness are typical; any physical property may be examined. Results should report average values before/after and percentage change (presented with time, temperature, method).

Applications and typical users

Who uses it: materials laboratories, foam manufacturers, R&D teams, quality assurance, product designers, test houses assessing foam durability and hydrolytic or oxidative resistance.
Practical uses:
- Accelerated screening of foam formulations and stabilizers.
- Comparative performance testing across suppliers or batches.
- Investigating interactions in composite constructions (foam bonded to substrates).
- Quality control and specification verification where in-service ageing mechanisms are chemical (not light exposure).
Limitations: the standard notes that accelerated ageing under these conditions does not necessarily correlate with in‑service behaviour or ageing from light (UV).

Related standards

ISO 23529 - referenced for specimen preparation and conditioning procedures.

Keywords: ISO 2440:2019, accelerated ageing tests, cellular polymeric materials, polyurethane foam testing, polyolefin foam, latex foam, dry heat ageing, hydrolysis testing, foam durability.

ISO 2440:2019 PDF

Technical details

Abstract

Overview

Key topics and technical requirements

Applications and typical users

Related standards

Related standards

Abstract

Overview

Key topics and technical requirements

Applications and typical users

Related standards

Related standards

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